French Defense · C11

Classical Variation, after 3... Nf6, through 4. Bg5

1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5

The pawns on d5 and e4 stand in direct tension - the first player to resolve it chooses the structure. ...Nf6 pressures e4 directly and asks White to commit: e5 gains space but fixes a target, exchanges free Black's cramped game.

The first 4 moves, explained

• 1. e4 Stakes a claim in the centre, controlling d5, and frees the bishop and queen.
• 1... e6 Supports the centre, adding control of d5. Theory calls this the French Defense.
• 2. d4 Stakes a claim in the centre, controlling e5, and frees the bishop and queen.
• 2... d5 Stakes a claim in the centre, controlling e4, and frees the bishop and queen.

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